Calculating Gain or Loss on a Stock Sale

by Tax Guy on February 25, 2009 Print This Post Print This Post

Question:

  • I bought 100 shares of xx on day 1 for $10.
  • I bought 100 shares of xx on day 2 for $5.
  • I sold 100 xx on day 3 for $2.

Can the sale be against the $10 stock, i.e. a loss of $8/share? Alternatively, must it be against the average of $7.5/share?

What is a Capital Gain?

Simply stated, the gain or loss on the sale of a share is the proceeds of disposition less the adjusted cost base or ACB.  For tax purposes, the taxable portion of a gain or loss is 1/2 of the gain or loss.

Proceeds of Disposition (Proceeds of The Stock Sale)

The proceeds of disposition is simply the amount you received from selling a stock, bond or mutual fund. Deduct any commissions paid to the broker to arrive at new proceeds of disposition.

Adjusted Cost Base

The adjusted cost base is the price you originally paid for the stock or other investment, less any commission paid to your broker, and less any return of capital (you may run into return of capital with certain mutual funds).

When you have purchased the same shares over a period of time and then sell a portion of your holdings you must use the average adjusted cost base per share. In the information provided,

The total adjusted cost base before the sale:

$1,500 = (100 x $10) + (100 x$5)

And your average adjusted cost base per share is:

$7.50 = ($1,500 / 200)

When you sell your 100 shares on day 3 for $2 each you will have a loss of:

$550 = 100 x ($2.00 – $7.50). Of this loss only $275.00 may be claimed as a capital loss for tax purposes.

The loss is then calculated against the average.

Superficial Losses

While the topic here is calculating the adjusted cost base of multiple purchases of securities it is important to remind you about superficial losses (also called stop losses). 

If the same stock or investment was purchased 30 days before or after a sale, any losses are denied.  The amount of the loss is added to the cost of re-acquired shares.  Similarly, if you sell your shares and your spouse re-purchases the investment the loss will still be denied.

(Thanks to DK for pointing out the importance of this!)



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{ 47 comments… read them below or add one }

Ra H123 May 4, 2010 at 8:45 pm

d> I sold my stocks for 23K USD happened in December 2009

Reply

DK May 4, 2010 at 8:59 pm

Ra,

Your capital gain for tax purposes is $5000 for 2009.

You simply take the proceeds of the sale ia measured in CAD ($24,500) and subtract your cost basis as measured in CAD ($19,500) = $5000.

The applicable year is 2009 as that is when you realized the gain by selling the stock.

Reply

Ra H123 May 4, 2010 at 9:09 pm

Thank you.
I want to know about Currency losses how much and for what year ?

Reply

Berni June 9, 2010 at 9:58 am

7 years ago I received 150,000 shares in a private corporation as part of my hire contract. The value of the shares at the time was $0.29 per share. I was told that I didn’t have to pay capital gain on the shares at that time because of the way the shares were issued. The company has gone bankrupt in 2009. Can I claim a capital loss for the shares on my 2009 tax return even though I never filed the original shares on my taxes 7 years ago?

Reply

Tax Guy June 9, 2010 at 10:43 pm

Hello Berni:

First of all your ACB per share would be $0.29. You can claim a deemed disposition on your tax return on the shares for nil value if the company is bankrupt under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act or is winding up under the Winding-up and Restructuring Act.

You simply make the election by including a letter to your return indicating you are claiming a loss on the shares under section 50(1) of the Income tax Act.

If you cannot use all of the losses and the company was a CCPC, you may be able to claim the loss as an allowable business investment loss as opposed to a capital loss. This would allow you to claim a deduction of about $43,500 to be used against all income.

Certain conditions need to be met, and I would encourage you to work with an accountant to make the claim.

Reply

lee September 17, 2010 at 7:29 am

Hi,

If for example I buy a US stock on Nasdaq for $5 and then sell it 3 months later for $10. What would be the capital gains tax that I must pay on this (I am a resident/citizen of Canada). Would I pay a lower capital gains tax if I hold the stock for a full 12 months or longer assuming it went from $5 to $10 in these 12 + months ?

Thanks for your input.

Reply

Tax Guy September 17, 2010 at 11:39 am

You need to convert the $5 into Canadian dollars using the rate that was in effect on the day you bought the share.

The sale proceeds must be converted into Canadian dollars using the rate in effect on the day the shares were sold.

The difference between the two converted amount is the gain or loss. The time you held the stocks is irrelevant in Canada.

Reply

Sam September 27, 2010 at 3:18 pm

I purchased stock of a company x at $ 2.40 per share 2 years ago. The company stopped tarding on June 9th this year at 40 cents and I have been unable to sell this stock.

Is there a way to claim a cap[ital loss for this?

Thanks
Sam

Reply

Tax Guy September 27, 2010 at 7:19 pm

Sam,
Of the company is bankrupt, then you can claim a loss. See http://blog.taxresource.ca/claiming-losses-on-bankrupt-stocks/

Reply

Dan H October 26, 2010 at 10:02 am

Rookie question: I’m in the 100K income bracket; brought some stock for .22 and plan to sell soon now that it’s over $1. What portion do I need to keep to cover my tax obligations?

Reply

Tax Guy October 26, 2010 at 1:31 pm

Dan,

The calculation would be:

($1.00 – $0.22) x # of shares sold x 50% x your marginal tax rate. I’m not sure what province you are in so, I would suggest 45% as a marginal tax rate.

Look at http://www.walterharder.ca/MarginalTaxRateCalculator.asp to figure your MTR.

Reply

MMI November 3, 2010 at 6:49 pm

Hello.
Need one consider purchases of shares for a given company made within a TFSA and an external account. For example:
I bought 100 shares of company A @ $5.00 on Jan 1 in my non TFSA account
I bought 100 shares of company A @ $2.00 on Jun 1 in my TFSA account
I sold 100 shares of company A @ $1.00 on Sep from my non-TFSA account.
How would I calculate the loss?
Thanks.

Reply

Tax Guy November 3, 2010 at 8:13 pm

The TFSA transitions are irrelevant with one exception. A loss from the sale is a share in a non-registered account that is repurchased in the registered account within 30 days before or after the non-registered disposition.

In all cases the TFSA transitions have no impact on ACB: hence “Tax Free” savings account.

Reply

Tax Guy November 3, 2010 at 8:15 pm

In theses transitions the TFSA transitions are not relevant.

Reply

Tax Noob March 7, 2011 at 4:34 pm

Complete noob here. So the institution doesn’t provide a T3 or T5 or some slip for stock gains? This must be done by the individual investor?

Reply

Tax Guy March 7, 2011 at 6:15 pm

Capital gains will not appear a on tax slip.

Reply

Beth March 14, 2011 at 4:33 pm

Hi there,

Why do I need to use Bank of Canada’s rate? I thought the bank gave you the rate when you purchased the stocks.

My situation is I have 100k in my investment account, and I had had serveral transaction in different time. When I purchased the stock, the bank sold me a rate for USD from CAD, then when I sold the stock and converted to CAD, they gave me a bad rate too. Which rate I should go with? The actual transaction or the bank of canada rate?

please advise!! Thanks so much.

Reply

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